Introduction

よくあるパターンで、インターネットに繋がらないとか、環境を汚したくないとかそういうの。
インストール時に使用したDVDからパッケージをインストールするから、全く同一の環境が作れるはず、というもの。

How to?

手順は

  1. DVD をマウント
  2. DVDをリポジトリとして参照するよう設定
  3. dnf でインストール

となります。

以下、root で作業します。

1. DVD をマウント

適当なディレクトリにマウントします。
**/media** でいい気がします。

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# mount /dev/cdrom /media
mount: /media: WARNING: device write-protected, mounted read-only.

# ls -la /media/
total 53
dr-xr-xr-x.  7 root root  2048 Oct  9  2020 .
dr-xr-xr-x. 17 root root   224 Apr 25 07:05 ..
dr-xr-xr-x.  4 root root  2048 Oct  9  2020 AppStream
dr-xr-xr-x.  4 root root  2048 Oct  9  2020 BaseOS
-r--r--r--.  1 root root    60 Oct  9  2020 .discinfo
dr-xr-xr-x.  3 root root  2048 Oct  9  2020 EFI
-r--r--r--.  1 root root  8266 Oct  9  2020 EULA
-r--r--r--.  1 root root  1455 Oct  9  2020 extra_files.json
-r--r--r--.  1 root root 18092 Oct  9  2020 GPL
dr-xr-xr-x.  3 root root  2048 Oct  9  2020 images
dr-xr-xr-x.  2 root root  2048 Oct  9  2020 isolinux
-r--r--r--.  1 root root   103 Oct  9  2020 media.repo
-r--r--r--.  1 root root  1669 Oct  9  2020 RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-beta
-r--r--r--.  1 root root  5134 Oct  9  2020 RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
-r--r--r--.  1 root root  1796 Oct  9  2020 TRANS.TBL
-r--r--r--.  1 root root  1560 Oct  9  2020 .treeinfo

2. DVDをリポジトリとして参照するよう設定

vi でリポジトリを追加します。

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# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/InstallMedia.repo

[InstallMedia-BaseOS]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 - BaseOS
metadata_expire=-1
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
baseurl=file:///media/BaseOS/
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

[InstallMedia-AppStream]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 - AppStream
metadata_expire=-1
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
baseurl=file:///media/AppStream/
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

3. dnf でインストール

まずキャッシュをクリアします。

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# dnf clean all
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity

This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.

0 files removed

続いて、好きなパッケージをインストール。
ここでは、 openjdk をインストールしてみます。
まずは、パッケージを検索。

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# dnf search openjdk
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity

This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 - BaseOS                                                      68 MB/s | 2.3 MB     00:00
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 - AppStream                                                  153 MB/s | 6.3 MB     00:00
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:01 ago on Sun 25 Apr 2021 12:07:00 PM EDT.
=========================================== Name & Summary Matched: openjdk ============================================
java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment 8
java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility.x86_64 : OpenJDK 8 accessibility connector
java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos 8
java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment 8
java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.x86_64 : OpenJDK Headless Runtime Environment 8
java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc.noarch : OpenJDK 8 API documentation
java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc-zip.noarch : OpenJDK 8 API documentation compressed in single archive
java-1.8.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle 8
java-11-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment 11
java-11-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos 11
java-11-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment 11
java-11-openjdk-headless.x86_64 : OpenJDK Headless Runtime Environment 11
java-11-openjdk-javadoc.x86_64 : OpenJDK 11 API documentation
java-11-openjdk-javadoc-zip.x86_64 : OpenJDK 11 API documentation compressed in a single archive
java-11-openjdk-jmods.x86_64 : JMods for OpenJDK 11
java-11-openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle 11
java-11-openjdk-static-libs.x86_64 : OpenJDK libraries for static linking 11
=============================================== Summary Matched: openjdk ===============================================
icedtea-web.noarch : Additional Java components for OpenJDK - Java browser plug-in and Web Start implementation

パッケージが見つかりました。
インストールを実行します。
途中の warning がローカルのDVDマウント先である /media を指しているのが分かります。

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# dnf install java-1.8.0-openjdk -y
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity

This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.

Last metadata expiration check: 0:01:23 ago on Sun 25 Apr 2021 12:07:45 PM EDT.
Dependencies resolved.
======================================================================================================================== Package                          Arch        Version                                 Repository                   Size
========================================================================================================================Installing:
 java-1.8.0-openjdk               x86_64      1:1.8.0.265.b01-4.el8                   InstallMedia-AppStream      326 k
Installing dependencies:
 copy-jdk-configs                 noarch      3.7-4.el8                               InstallMedia-AppStream       27 k
 java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless      x86_64      1:1.8.0.265.b01-4.el8                   InstallMedia-AppStream       34 M
 javapackages-filesystem          noarch      5.3.0-1.module+el8+2447+6f56d9a6        InstallMedia-AppStream       30 k
 lksctp-tools                     x86_64      1.0.18-3.el8                            InstallMedia-BaseOS         100 k
 ttmkfdir                         x86_64      3.0.9-54.el8                            InstallMedia-AppStream       62 k
 tzdata-java                      noarch      2020a-1.el8                             InstallMedia-AppStream      189 k
 xorg-x11-fonts-Type1             noarch      7.5-19.el8                              InstallMedia-AppStream      522 k
Enabling module streams:
 javapackages-runtime                         201801

Transaction Summary
========================================================================================================================Install  8 Packages

Total size: 35 M
Installed size: 118 M
Downloading Packages:
warning: /media/BaseOS/Packages/lksctp-tools-1.0.18-3.el8.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 - BaseOS                                                     401 kB/s | 5.0 kB     00:00
Importing GPG key 0xFD431D51:
 Userid     : "Red Hat, Inc. (release key 2) <security@redhat.com>"
 Fingerprint: 567E 347A D004 4ADE 55BA 8A5F 199E 2F91 FD43 1D51
 From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
Key imported successfully
Importing GPG key 0xD4082792:
 Userid     : "Red Hat, Inc. (auxiliary key) <security@redhat.com>"
 Fingerprint: 6A6A A7C9 7C88 90AE C6AE BFE2 F76F 66C3 D408 2792
 From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
Key imported successfully
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Running scriptlet: copy-jdk-configs-3.7-4.el8.noarch                                                                                                                                                    1/1
  Running scriptlet: java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-1:1.8.0.265.b01-4.el8.x86_64                                                                                                                             1/1
  Preparing        :                                                                                                                                                                                      1/1
  Installing       : tzdata-java-2020a-1.el8.noarch                                                                                                                                                       1/8
  Installing       : ttmkfdir-3.0.9-54.el8.x86_64                                                                                                                                                         2/8
  Installing       : xorg-x11-fonts-Type1-7.5-19.el8.noarch                                                                                                                                               3/8
  Running scriptlet: xorg-x11-fonts-Type1-7.5-19.el8.noarch                                                                                                                                               3/8
  Installing       : javapackages-filesystem-5.3.0-1.module+el8+2447+6f56d9a6.noarch                                                                                                                      4/8
  Installing       : copy-jdk-configs-3.7-4.el8.noarch                                                                                                                                                    5/8
  Installing       : lksctp-tools-1.0.18-3.el8.x86_64                                                                                                                                                     6/8
  Running scriptlet: lksctp-tools-1.0.18-3.el8.x86_64                                                                                                                                                     6/8
  Installing       : java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-1:1.8.0.265.b01-4.el8.x86_64                                                                                                                             7/8
  Running scriptlet: java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-1:1.8.0.265.b01-4.el8.x86_64                                                                                                                             7/8
  Installing       : java-1.8.0-openjdk-1:1.8.0.265.b01-4.el8.x86_64                                                                                                                                      8/8
  Running scriptlet: java-1.8.0-openjdk-1:1.8.0.265.b01-4.el8.x86_64                                                                                                                                      8/8
  Running scriptlet: copy-jdk-configs-3.7-4.el8.noarch                                                                                                                                                    8/8
  Running scriptlet: java-1.8.0-openjdk-1:1.8.0.265.b01-4.el8.x86_64                                                                                                                                      8/8
  Verifying        : lksctp-tools-1.0.18-3.el8.x86_64                                                                                                                                                     1/8
  Verifying        : copy-jdk-configs-3.7-4.el8.noarch                                                                                                                                                    2/8
  Verifying        : java-1.8.0-openjdk-1:1.8.0.265.b01-4.el8.x86_64                                                                                                                                      3/8
  Verifying        : java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-1:1.8.0.265.b01-4.el8.x86_64                                                                                                                             4/8
  Verifying        : javapackages-filesystem-5.3.0-1.module+el8+2447+6f56d9a6.noarch                                                                                                                      5/8
  Verifying        : ttmkfdir-3.0.9-54.el8.x86_64                                                                                                                                                         6/8
  Verifying        : tzdata-java-2020a-1.el8.noarch                                                                                                                                                       7/8
  Verifying        : xorg-x11-fonts-Type1-7.5-19.el8.noarch                                                                                                                                               8/8
Installed products updated.

Installed:
  copy-jdk-configs-3.7-4.el8.noarch java-1.8.0-openjdk-1:1.8.0.265.b01-4.el8.x86_64 java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-1:1.8.0.265.b01-4.el8.x86_64 javapackages-filesystem-5.3.0-1.module+el8+2447+6f56d9a6.noarch
  lksctp-tools-1.0.18-3.el8.x86_64  ttmkfdir-3.0.9-54.el8.x86_64                    tzdata-java-2020a-1.el8.noarch                           xorg-x11-fonts-Type1-7.5-19.el8.noarch

Complete!